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Basic Cable Testing
Attenuation
7
7-5
Attenuation
Attenuation is a decrease in the strength of a signal over the length of a cable, as
shown in Figure 7-4.
Signal
Source
Signal
Receiver
Cable
V
OUT
VIN
Loss
gc30f.eps
Figure 7-4. Attenuation of a Signal
Attenuation is caused by a loss of electrical energy in the resistance of the cable
wire and by leakage of energy through the cable’s insulating material. This loss of
energy is expressed in decibels. Lower attenuation values correspond to better
cable performance. For example, when comparing the performance of two cables
at a particular frequency, a cable with an attenuation of 10 dB performs better than
a cable with an attenuation of 20 dB.
Cable attenuation is determined by the cable’s construction, length, and the
frequencies of the signals sent through the cable. At higher frequencies, the skin
effect and the cable’s inductance and capacitance cause attenuation to increase.
- DSP-100/2000 1
- Table of Contents 3
- Contents 5
- List of Tables 7
- List of Figures 9
- Introduction 11
- Standard Accessories 13
- Using This Manual 15
- Getting Started 17
- Quick Start 19
- Powering the Test Tool 19
- Using the Menus 19
- Quick Configuration 21
- Results within Accuracy Range 22
- Autotest on Coaxial Cable 27
- DSP-100 DSP-2000 28
- Main Unit Features 29
- Remote Features 31
- Rotary Switch 33
- Autotest 33
- Single Test 34
- Special Functions 36
- Smart Remote (Model DSP-100) 36
- Turning On the Test Tool 37
- Performing a Self-Test 37
- Overvoltage Test 38
- Noise Test 38
- Controlling the Backlight 38
- Configuring the Test Tool 39
- Selecting a Conduit Setting 41
- Selecting a Length Unit 42
- Selecting a Numeric Format 42
- Setting the Date and Time 43
- Setting the Power-Down Timer 44
- Remote Communication Error 47
- Wire Map Test 54
- Resistance 56
- NEXT Test 60
- NEXT@REMOTE Results 62
- ACR Results 62
- ACR@REMOTE 65
- RL@REMOTE (Model DSP-2000) 66
- DSP-2000 68
- CABLE ANALYZER 68
- Saving Autotest Results 71
- The Autotest Report 73
- If Memory is Full 73
- Running Individual Tests 77
- When to Use a Remote Unit 79
- Running the TDX Analyzer 82
- The TDX Analyzer 83
- TDX Analyzer Results 83
- TDX Analyzer Plot 84
- The TDR Test 85
- How to Terminate the Cable 85
- TDR Results Screen 87
- TDR Plot Screen 87
- Monitoring Network Activity 92
- Monitoring Impulse Noise 97
- Noise Test Results 99
- Chapter 5 101
- Configuring the Serial Port 102
- Printer Interface Cable 102
- Printing 102
- Printing Test Reports 103
- Calibrations and Custom Test 107
- Standards 107
- NVP Calibration 109
- Configuring a Custom Cable 111
- Basic Cable Testing 113
- Twisted Pair Cable 114
- LAN Cable Construction 115
- Coaxial Cable 116
- Attenuation 117
- Characteristic Impedance 119
- Locating NEXT Problems 121
- Split Pairs and NEXT 124
- Minimizing Crosstalk 125
- NVP and Length Measurements 126
- Reflections from Opens 128
- Reflections from Shorts 129
- Cable Termination 130
- Interpreting the TDR Plot 130
- Limit in dB 132
- Troubleshooting Basics 133
- Finding Cable Faults 133
- Cleaning and Storage 139
- Maintenance 141
- Service Center Repair 142
- If the Test Tool Fails 143
- Replacement Parts 144
- Specifications 145
- Cable Types Tested 146
- Test Standards 146
- Time for Autotest 146
- Length Test 147
- Propagation Delay Test 147
- DC Loop Resistance 148
- Return Loss 149
- Impulse Noise 150
- Model DSP-100 LAN Traffic 150
- Model DSP-2000 LAN Traffic 150
- Serial Interface 150
- PC Interface Cable 151
- Environmental Requirements 152
- Input Ratings 153
- Certifications 154
- Dimensions 154
- RJ45 Connector 155
- Warranty 155
- Appendices 157
- Using DSP-LINK 159
- Connecting to a PC 160
- Configuring the Serial Ports 161
- Downloading New Software 168
- 100BaseTX 169
- Glossary 171
- XON/XOFF Flow Control 177
- Appendix C 179
- (continued) 187
- Manual Supplement 191
- Return Loss (RL) 192
- Change #2 193
- Change #3 196
- Change #4 196
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